Why does using Enriched Air Nitrox require special training?

Using Enriched Air Nitrox (EAN) requires special training primarily to understand the risks and benefits, including the critical aspect of oxygen toxicity. Unlike regular air, which consists of about 21% oxygen, Enriched Air Nitrox contains a higher percentage of oxygen and a corresponding decrease in nitrogen. This increased oxygen concentration can enhance dive time at certain depths, allowing divers to extend their bottom time and reduce nitrogen absorption.

However, elevated oxygen levels also introduce potential risks, particularly oxygen toxicity, which can cause harmful effects when diving at depths greater than what is safe for the specific mix being used. Training provides divers with the necessary knowledge to manage these risks, understand why certain depth limits are established, and how to monitor their own exposure to oxygen during dives. Additionally, divers learn how to analyze their tank mixtures and how to adjust their diving plans appropriately based on the enriched air they are using. This understanding is crucial for safety and effective dive planning.